Map Interface in Java
Map Interface
A Map contains values on the basis of key, i.e. key and value pair. Each key and value pair is known as an entry. A Map contains unique keys.
A Map is useful if you have to search, update or delete elements on the basis of a key.
A Map is an object that maps keys to values. A map cannot contain duplicate keys: Each key can map to at most one value. The Map interface includes methods for basic operations (such as put(), get(), remove(), containsKey(), containsValue(), size(), and empty()), bulk operations (such as putAll() and clear()), and collection views (such as keySet(), entrySet(), and values()). A Map is useful if you have to search, update or delete elements on the basis of a key.
The Java platform contains three general-purpose Map implementations: HashMap, TreeMap, and LinkedHashMap. Their behavior and performance are precisely analogous to HashSet, TreeSet, and LinkedHashSet.
This is Map Interface(‘java.util.Map’) hierarchy:
HaspMap
HashMap is the implementation of Map, but it doesn’t maintain any order.
Lets an examples of HashMap implementation:
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// Import the HashMap class
import java.util.HashMap;
public class MyClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a HashMap object called capitalCities
HashMap<String, String> capitalCities = new HashMap<String, String>();
// Add keys and values (Country, City)
capitalCities.put("England", "London");
capitalCities.put("Germany", "Berlin");
capitalCities.put("Norway", "Oslo");
capitalCities.put("USA", "Washington DC");
System.out.println(capitalCities);
}
}
Output:
{USA=Washington DC, Norway=Oslo, England=London, Germany=Berlin}
LinkedHasMap
Java LinkedHashMap class is Hashtable and LinkedList implementation of the Map interface, with predictable iteration order. It inherits HashMap class and implements the Map interface.
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import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
public class LinkedHashMapDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) {
// HashMap Declaration
LinkedHashMap<Integer, String> lhmap =
new LinkedHashMap<Integer, String>();
//Adding elements to LinkedHashMap
lhmap.put(22, "Abey");
lhmap.put(33, "Dawn");
lhmap.put(1, "Sherry");
lhmap.put(2, "Karon");
lhmap.put(100, "Jim");
// Generating a Set of entries
Set set = lhmap.entrySet();
// Displaying elements of LinkedHashMap
Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry me = (Map.Entry)iterator.next();
System.out.print("Key is: "+ me.getKey() +
"& Value is: "+me.getValue()+"\n");
}
}
}
Output:
Key is: 22& Value is: Abey
Key is: 33& Value is: Dawn
Key is: 1& Value is: Sherry
Key is: 2& Value is: Karon
Key is: 100& Value is: Jim
TreeMap
The TreeMap in Java is used to implement Map interface and NavigableMap along with the AbstractMap Class. The map is sorted according to the natural ordering of its keys, or by a Comparator provided at map creation time, depending on which constructor is used.
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import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
public class Details {
public static void main(String args[]) {
/* This is how to declare TreeMap */
TreeMap<Integer, String> tmap =
new TreeMap<Integer, String>();
/*Adding elements to TreeMap*/
tmap.put(1, "Data1");
tmap.put(23, "Data2");
tmap.put(70, "Data3");
tmap.put(4, "Data4");
tmap.put(2, "Data5");
/* Display content using Iterator*/
Set set = tmap.entrySet();
Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry mentry = (Map.Entry)iterator.next();
System.out.print("key is: "+ mentry.getKey() + " & Value is: ");
System.out.println(mentry.getValue());
}
}
}
Output:
key is: 1 & Value is: Data1
key is: 2 & Value is: Data5
key is: 4 & Value is: Data4
key is: 23 & Value is: Data2
key is: 70 & Value is: Data3